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Old trades explained

Old Name

New Name or Meaning

Haberdasher

Seller of clothing and accoutrements

Hacker

1) Woodcutter 2) Maker or user of hoes or other cutting tools

Hackler / Heckler / Hackman / Hatcheler

Combed or carded the coarse flax, using a Hackle - a toothed implement - in linen making.

Hackle Setter

Set and maintained the pins in a Hackle

Hacklemaker/Heckelmaker

Made the Hackles (combs) for combing flax

Hackney Man

Horse drawn Cab/Taxi driver - Taxis were originally called Hackney Cabs

Haft Presser

Employed in the Sheffield cutlery industry pressing bone/horn into knife handles (hafts). 19c.

Hairweaver / Hairman

Weaver of horsehair cloth

Halberd Carrier / Halberdier

Soldier who was armed with a halberd - a 20 foot long

combined spear and axe

Half Timer

Child who spent half the day at school and half in the mills

Hammerman

Smith

Handseller

Street Vendor

Handwoman

Midwife or female attendant

Happers

Usually women and children whose job was to square off the drained lumps of salt with wooden implements, ready for drying.

Harmer Beck

Constable

Hatter

Hat maker  milliner

Hawker / Huckster

Peddler or street seller.

Itinerant street dealer who carried his wares with him.

Haymonger

Dealer in hay

Hayrester

Worker in horsehair

Hayard

1)      Inspected hedges and fences of a parish

and also impounded stray animals

2) Tended fields set aside to produce hay

Headsman

Executioner

Headswoman

Midwife

Heald Knitter

Made lengths of cord with an eye in the middle through which the warp threads on a loom ran so that they could alternately be raised and lowered for the shuttle to pass through with the weft thread.

Heald/Heddle or Yell maker

Manufacturer of Healds, used on looms.

The warp yarns are passed through loops known as Healds,

which raise and lower the yarns after the shuttle

has passed the weft across the width of the loom

Heck Maker

Made spinning machine guides for guiding yarn onto reels

Hedge Looker

Oversaw maintenance of hedges and enclosures. Also see Field Master & Hayward

Hedger

Hedge Trimmer and maker of grown hedges - a skilled art

Heelmaker

Made shoe heels

Hellier / Hillier

Roof tiler or slater

Hempheckler

See Hackler

Henchman / Hensman / Hinxman

1) Squire or page of honour

2) Groom, horseman

3) Chief attendant to a Highland chief

Henter

Thief

Hewer

Mine face worker - hewed or cut the coal

Higgler

Itinerant peddler. A lot of the Higglers trade involved barter, rather than money changing hands and the name derives from the resultant haggling.

High Sheriff

The highest ranking sheriff

Highwayman

Robber, usually mounted, who preyed on travellers on public highways

Hillier

Roof tiler

Hillman / Hillsman

A man who worked at the pithead; a colliery official, late 17th-early 20th century (Scottish)

Hind / Hynd

1) Domestic servant 2) A skilled farm labourer (Scotland)

Hobbler

1) Towed river or canal boats 2) Casual dock labourer 3) Unlicensed pilot.

Hodsman

Masons assistant - carried the Hod in which materials were carried

Hoggard

Pig driver

Holer

1) Miner

2) Made the holes in sewing needles.

Also called an Eyer

Holder up

 Rivetters Mate - whilst the red hot rivet head was formed by the rivetter,

he would hold a heavy hammer or dolly against the other end of the rivet.

Holloware Turner

Operated a lathe to shape & clean up the inside of metal utensils, teapots etc & cooking pots

Hoofer

A dancer

Hooker

1) 16c. Reaper

2)  Textile mill worker operating machinery which laid out fabric in uniform folds to required length

Hooper / Hoop shaver

Made hoops for casks and barrels

Horner

Made horn cutlery handles, combs

Horseman

Led working horses on a farm

Horse Courser

Owner of racing horses

Horse Knave

Groom

Horse Leech

Farrier, blacksmith

Horse Marine

Towed canal barges where horses could not be used

Horse Capper

Dealer in worthless horses

Horse-hair Curler

Prepared horse hair for upholstery stuffing

Hosier

Retailer of hosiery - socks, stockings, gloves etc.

Hostelier

Innkeeper

Hostler

1) Stableman, groom 2) repairer of railway engines

Hotpresser

Worked in textile or paper mills, pressing product between hot glazing sheets to smooth and glaze it

House joiner

Made the wooden frames of houses

House wright

House builder

Howdy Wife

Midwife

Hoyman

Used a hoy - a small coastal vessel - to transport passengers and goods

Huckster / Huxter

1) Street seller of ale, often a woman

2) Retailer of small wares in shop or booth

Huffler

Worked on the canals assisting boats and barges through the locks.

Huissher

Usher or door attendant

Hurdler

Made wattle fencing hurdles

Hurriers

Usually girls from the age of 5, employed hauling coal underground

Husbandman

1) Tenant farmer 2) Farmer dealing with animals (14th century From the Anglo-Saxon husbonda) - a shepherd

Hush Shopkeeper

Unlicensed beer brewer and seller

 

{c} Rodney Hall 2015

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